diff --git a/src/components/video-editor/SettingsPanel.tsx b/src/components/video-editor/SettingsPanel.tsx
index 88dd2659..53d42c7b 100644
--- a/src/components/video-editor/SettingsPanel.tsx
+++ b/src/components/video-editor/SettingsPanel.tsx
@@ -481,7 +481,9 @@ interface SettingsPanelProps {
 	onClipDelete?: (id: string) => void;
 	selectedAudioId?: string | null;
 	selectedAudioVolume?: number | null;
+	selectedAudioNormalize?: boolean | null;
 	onAudioVolumeChange?: (volume: number) => void;
+	onAudioNormalizeChange?: (normalize: boolean) => void;
 	onAudioDelete?: (id: string) => void;
 	shadowIntensity?: number;
 	onShadowChange?: (intensity: number) => void;
@@ -881,7 +883,9 @@ export function SettingsPanel({
 	onClipDelete,
 	selectedAudioId,
 	selectedAudioVolume,
+	selectedAudioNormalize,
 	onAudioVolumeChange,
+	onAudioNormalizeChange,
 	onAudioDelete,
 	shadowIntensity = 0.67,
 	onShadowChange,
@@ -3049,16 +3053,16 @@ export function SettingsPanel({
 			</section>
 		);
 
-		const audioSectionContent = (
-			<section className="flex flex-col gap-3">
+			const audioSectionContent = (
+				<section className="flex flex-col gap-3">
 				<div className="flex items-center justify-between gap-3">
 					<SectionLabel>{tSettings("audio.volumeTitle", "Audio")}</SectionLabel>
 					<span className="rounded-full bg-[#2563EB]/10 px-2 py-0.5 text-[10px] font-medium uppercase tracking-wider text-[#2563EB]">
 						{Math.round((selectedAudioVolume ?? 1) * 100)}%
 					</span>
 				</div>
-				<SliderControl
-					label={tSettings("audio.volume", "Volume")}
+					<SliderControl
+						label={tSettings("audio.volume", "Volume")}
 					value={selectedAudioVolume ?? 1}
 					defaultValue={1}
 					min={0}
@@ -3066,10 +3070,20 @@ export function SettingsPanel({
 					step={0.01}
 					onChange={(v) => onAudioVolumeChange?.(v)}
 					formatValue={(v) => `${Math.round(v * 100)}%`}
-					parseInput={(text) => parseFloat(text.replace(/%$/, "")) / 100}
-				/>
-			</section>
-		);
+						parseInput={(text) => parseFloat(text.replace(/%$/, "")) / 100}
+					/>
+					<div className="flex items-center justify-between rounded-lg bg-foreground/[0.03] px-2.5 py-1.5">
+						<span className="text-[10px] text-muted-foreground">
+							{tSettings("audio.normalize", "Normalize")}
+						</span>
+						<Switch
+							checked={Boolean(selectedAudioNormalize)}
+							onCheckedChange={(v) => onAudioNormalizeChange?.(v)}
+							className="data-[state=checked]:bg-[#2563EB] scale-75"
+						/>
+					</div>
+				</section>
+			);
 
 		const clipSectionContent = (
 			<section className="flex flex-col gap-2">
diff --git a/src/components/video-editor/VideoEditor.tsx b/src/components/video-editor/VideoEditor.tsx
index 5ca4c864..83992392 100644
--- a/src/components/video-editor/VideoEditor.tsx
+++ b/src/components/video-editor/VideoEditor.tsx
@@ -3776,16 +3776,17 @@ export default function VideoEditor() {
 		}
 	}, []);
 
-	const handleAudioAdded = useCallback((span: Span, audioPath: string, trackIndex?: number) => {
-		const id = `audio-${nextAudioIdRef.current++}`;
-		const newRegion: AudioRegion = {
-			id,
-			startMs: Math.round(span.start),
-			endMs: Math.round(span.end),
-			audioPath,
-			volume: 1,
-			trackIndex,
-		};
+		const handleAudioAdded = useCallback((span: Span, audioPath: string, trackIndex?: number) => {
+			const id = `audio-${nextAudioIdRef.current++}`;
+			const newRegion: AudioRegion = {
+				id,
+				startMs: Math.round(span.start),
+				endMs: Math.round(span.end),
+				audioPath,
+				volume: 1,
+				normalize: false,
+				trackIndex,
+			};
 		setAudioRegions((prev) => [...prev, newRegion]);
 		setSelectedAudioId(id);
 		setSelectedZoomId(null);
@@ -3835,15 +3836,29 @@ export default function VideoEditor() {
 		[selectedAudioId],
 	);
 
-	const handleAudioDelete = useCallback(
-		(id: string) => {
+		const handleAudioDelete = useCallback(
+			(id: string) => {
 			setAudioRegions((prev) => prev.filter((region) => region.id !== id));
 			if (selectedAudioId === id) {
 				setSelectedAudioId(null);
 			}
 		},
-		[selectedAudioId],
-	);
+			[selectedAudioId],
+		);
+
+		const handleAudioNormalizeChange = useCallback(
+			(normalize: boolean) => {
+				if (!selectedAudioId) {
+					return;
+				}
+				setAudioRegions((prev) =>
+					prev.map((region) =>
+						region.id === selectedAudioId ? { ...region, normalize } : region,
+					),
+				);
+			},
+			[selectedAudioId],
+		);
 
 	const handleAnnotationAdded = useCallback((span: Span, trackIndex = 0) => {
 		const id = `annotation-${nextAnnotationIdRef.current++}`;
@@ -5761,14 +5776,21 @@ export default function VideoEditor() {
 									audio.onSelectedClipSourceAudioTrackNormalizeChange
 								}
 								selectedAudioId={selectedAudioId}
-								selectedAudioVolume={
-									selectedAudioId
-										? (audioRegions.find((r) => r.id === selectedAudioId)
-												?.volume ?? null)
-										: null
-								}
-								onAudioVolumeChange={handleAudioVolumeChange}
-								onAudioDelete={handleAudioDelete}
+									selectedAudioVolume={
+										selectedAudioId
+											? (audioRegions.find((r) => r.id === selectedAudioId)
+													?.volume ?? null)
+											: null
+									}
+									selectedAudioNormalize={
+										selectedAudioId
+											? (audioRegions.find((r) => r.id === selectedAudioId)
+													?.normalize ?? false)
+											: null
+									}
+									onAudioVolumeChange={handleAudioVolumeChange}
+									onAudioNormalizeChange={handleAudioNormalizeChange}
+									onAudioDelete={handleAudioDelete}
 								shadowIntensity={shadowIntensity}
 								onShadowChange={setShadowIntensity}
 								backgroundBlur={backgroundBlur}
diff --git a/src/components/video-editor/audio/sourceAudioTracks.ts b/src/components/video-editor/audio/sourceAudioTracks.ts
index 8b9998c3..b3ea2cee 100644
--- a/src/components/video-editor/audio/sourceAudioTracks.ts
+++ b/src/components/video-editor/audio/sourceAudioTracks.ts
@@ -1,9 +1,5 @@
+import { getSourceTrackIdFromPath } from "@/lib/exporter/sourceTrackRoutingPolicy";
+
 export const SOURCE_AUDIO_FALLBACK_TOAST_ID = "source-audio-fallback-error";
 export const SOURCE_AUDIO_NORMALIZE_GAIN = 1.35;
-
-export function getSourceTrackIdFromPath(audioPath: string): "mic" | "system" | "mixed" {
-  const normalized = audioPath.toLowerCase();
-  if (normalized.includes(".mic.")) return "mic";
-  if (normalized.includes(".system.")) return "system";
-  return "mixed";
-}
+export { getSourceTrackIdFromPath };
diff --git a/src/components/video-editor/audio/useAudioPreviewSync.ts b/src/components/video-editor/audio/useAudioPreviewSync.ts
index 3d05c858..78482460 100644
--- a/src/components/video-editor/audio/useAudioPreviewSync.ts
+++ b/src/components/video-editor/audio/useAudioPreviewSync.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-import { useEffect, useRef } from "react";
+import { useEffect, useMemo, useRef } from "react";
+import { buildResolvedAudioPlan } from "@/lib/exporter/audioRoutingEngine";
 import { resolveMediaElementSource } from "@/lib/exporter/localMediaSource";
 import {
   clampMediaTimeToDuration,
@@ -40,6 +41,24 @@ export function useAudioPreviewSync({
   getSourceTrackPreviewGain,
   onSourceFallbackLoadError,
 }: UseAudioPreviewSyncParams) {
+  const resolvedPlan = useMemo(
+    () =>
+      buildResolvedAudioPlan({
+        videoResource: null,
+        sourceAudioFallbackPaths: previewSourceAudioFallbackPaths,
+        audioRegions,
+      }),
+    [audioRegions, previewSourceAudioFallbackPaths],
+  );
+  const resolvedUserTracks = useMemo(
+    () => resolvedPlan.tracks.filter((track) => track.kind === "user"),
+    [resolvedPlan],
+  );
+  const resolvedSourceTracks = useMemo(
+    () => resolvedPlan.tracks.filter((track) => track.kind !== "user"),
+    [resolvedPlan],
+  );
+
   const audioElementsRef = useRef<Map<string, HTMLAudioElement>>(new Map());
   const audioElementRevokersRef = useRef<Map<string, () => void>>(new Map());
   const audioElementResourcesRef = useRef<Map<string, string>>(new Map());
@@ -84,7 +103,7 @@ export function useAudioPreviewSync({
   useEffect(() => {
     let cancelled = false;
     const existing = audioElementsRef.current;
-    const currentIds = new Set(audioRegions.map((r) => r.id));
+    const currentIds = new Set(resolvedUserTracks.map((track) => track.id));
 
     for (const [id, audio] of existing) {
       if (!currentIds.has(id)) {
@@ -97,51 +116,51 @@ export function useAudioPreviewSync({
       }
     }
 
-    for (const region of audioRegions) {
-      let audio = existing.get(region.id);
+    for (const track of resolvedUserTracks) {
+      let audio = existing.get(track.id);
       if (!audio) {
         audio = new Audio();
         audio.preload = "auto";
-        existing.set(region.id, audio);
+        existing.set(track.id, audio);
       }
 
-      if (audioElementResourcesRef.current.get(region.id) !== region.audioPath) {
+      if (audioElementResourcesRef.current.get(track.id) !== track.sourceRef.path) {
         audio.pause();
         audio.src = "";
-        audioElementRevokersRef.current.get(region.id)?.();
-        audioElementRevokersRef.current.delete(region.id);
-        audioElementResourcesRef.current.set(region.id, region.audioPath);
+        audioElementRevokersRef.current.get(track.id)?.();
+        audioElementRevokersRef.current.delete(track.id);
+        audioElementResourcesRef.current.set(track.id, track.sourceRef.path);
 
         void (async () => {
-          const resolved = await resolveMediaElementSource(region.audioPath);
-          const latestAudio = existing.get(region.id);
+          const resolved = await resolveMediaElementSource(track.sourceRef.path);
+          const latestAudio = existing.get(track.id);
 
           if (
             cancelled ||
             latestAudio !== audio ||
-            audioElementResourcesRef.current.get(region.id) !== region.audioPath
+            audioElementResourcesRef.current.get(track.id) !== track.sourceRef.path
           ) {
             resolved.revoke();
             return;
           }
 
-          audioElementRevokersRef.current.set(region.id, resolved.revoke);
+          audioElementRevokersRef.current.set(track.id, resolved.revoke);
           latestAudio.src = resolved.src;
         })();
       }
 
-      audio.volume = Math.max(0, Math.min(1, region.volume * previewVolume));
+      audio.volume = Math.max(0, Math.min(1, track.gain * previewVolume));
     }
 
     return () => {
       cancelled = true;
     };
-  }, [audioRegions, previewVolume]);
+  }, [previewVolume, resolvedUserTracks]);
 
   useEffect(() => {
     let cancelled = false;
     const existing = sourceAudioElementsRef.current;
-    const currentIds = new Set(previewSourceAudioFallbackPaths);
+    const currentIds = new Set(resolvedSourceTracks.map((track) => track.sourceRef.path));
 
     for (const [id, audio] of existing) {
       if (!currentIds.has(id)) {
@@ -158,7 +177,8 @@ export function useAudioPreviewSync({
       }
     }
 
-    for (const audioPath of previewSourceAudioFallbackPaths) {
+    for (const track of resolvedSourceTracks) {
+      const audioPath = track.sourceRef.path;
       let audio = existing.get(audioPath);
       if (!audio) {
         audio = new Audio();
@@ -237,7 +257,7 @@ export function useAudioPreviewSync({
         : Math.max(0, Math.min(1, previewVolume));
     }
 
-    if (previewSourceAudioFallbackPaths.length === 0) {
+    if (resolvedSourceTracks.length === 0) {
       lastSourceAudioSyncTimeRef.current = null;
     }
 
@@ -248,7 +268,7 @@ export function useAudioPreviewSync({
     getSourceTrackPreviewGain,
     isCurrentClipMuted,
     onSourceFallbackLoadError,
-    previewSourceAudioFallbackPaths,
+    resolvedSourceTracks,
     previewVolume,
   ]);
 
@@ -303,15 +323,17 @@ export function useAudioPreviewSync({
     );
     const targetPlaybackRate = activeSpeedRegion ? activeSpeedRegion.speed : 1;
 
-    for (const region of audioRegions) {
-      const audio = audioElementsRef.current.get(region.id);
+    for (const track of resolvedUserTracks) {
+      const audio = audioElementsRef.current.get(track.id);
       if (!audio) continue;
 
-      const isInRegion = currentTimeMs >= region.startMs && currentTimeMs < region.endMs;
+      const startMs = track.timelineBinding.startMs;
+      const endMs = track.timelineBinding.endMs;
+      const isInRegion = currentTimeMs >= startMs && currentTimeMs < endMs;
 
       if (isPlaying && isInRegion) {
         enablePitchPreservingPlayback(audio);
-        const audioOffset = (currentTimeMs - region.startMs) / 1000;
+        const audioOffset = (currentTimeMs - startMs) / 1000;
         if (Math.abs(audio.currentTime - audioOffset) > 0.2) {
           audio.currentTime = audioOffset;
         }
@@ -330,10 +352,10 @@ export function useAudioPreviewSync({
         audio.pause();
       }
     }
-  }, [audioRegions, timelineTime, effectiveSpeedRegions, isPlaying]);
+  }, [effectiveSpeedRegions, isPlaying, resolvedUserTracks, timelineTime]);
 
   useEffect(() => {
-    if (previewSourceAudioFallbackPaths.length === 0) {
+    if (resolvedSourceTracks.length === 0) {
       lastSourceAudioSyncTimeRef.current = null;
       return;
     }
@@ -418,12 +440,12 @@ export function useAudioPreviewSync({
     isCurrentClipMuted,
     isPlaying,
     previewVolume,
-    previewSourceAudioFallbackPaths,
+    resolvedSourceTracks,
     sourceAudioFallbackStartDelayMsByPath,
   ]);
 
   useEffect(() => {
-    if (!isPlaying || previewSourceAudioFallbackPaths.length === 0) {
+    if (!isPlaying || resolvedSourceTracks.length === 0) {
       return;
     }
     void ensureSourceAudioRunning().then(() => {
@@ -433,5 +455,5 @@ export function useAudioPreviewSync({
         }
       }
     });
-  }, [isPlaying, previewSourceAudioFallbackPaths]);
+  }, [isPlaying, resolvedSourceTracks.length]);
 }
diff --git a/src/components/video-editor/audio/useSourceAudioTrackSettings.ts b/src/components/video-editor/audio/useSourceAudioTrackSettings.ts
index 34ed0ee3..54b2d751 100644
--- a/src/components/video-editor/audio/useSourceAudioTrackSettings.ts
+++ b/src/components/video-editor/audio/useSourceAudioTrackSettings.ts
@@ -24,6 +24,19 @@ export interface UseSourceAudioTrackSettingsResult {
   onSelectedClipSourceAudioTrackNormalizeChange: (id: string, normalize: boolean) => void;
 }
 
+function isSameTrackMeta(left: SourceAudioTrackMeta, right: SourceAudioTrackMeta): boolean {
+  if (left.length !== right.length) return false;
+  for (let index = 0; index < left.length; index += 1) {
+    const leftTrack = left[index];
+    const rightTrack = right[index];
+    if (!leftTrack || !rightTrack) return false;
+    if (leftTrack.id !== rightTrack.id || leftTrack.label !== rightTrack.label) {
+      return false;
+    }
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
 export function useSourceAudioTrackSettings({
   selectedClipId,
   activeClipId,
@@ -55,13 +68,31 @@ export function useSourceAudioTrackSettings({
   }, [defaultSourceAudioTrackSettings, selectedClipId, sourceAudioTrackSettingsByClip]);
 
   const onSourceAudioTracksMetaChange = useCallback((tracks: SourceAudioTrackMeta) => {
-    setSourceAudioTrackMeta(tracks);
+    setSourceAudioTrackMeta((prev) => (isSameTrackMeta(prev, tracks) ? prev : tracks));
     setDefaultSourceAudioTrackSettings((prev) => {
       const next: SourceAudioTrackSettings = {};
       for (const track of tracks) {
         next[track.id] = prev[track.id] ?? { volume: 1, normalize: false };
       }
-      return next;
+      const prevKeys = Object.keys(prev);
+      const nextKeys = Object.keys(next);
+      if (prevKeys.length !== nextKeys.length) {
+        return next;
+      }
+      for (const key of nextKeys) {
+        const prevSetting = prev[key];
+        const nextSetting = next[key];
+        if (!prevSetting || !nextSetting) {
+          return next;
+        }
+        if (
+          prevSetting.volume !== nextSetting.volume ||
+          prevSetting.normalize !== nextSetting.normalize
+        ) {
+          return next;
+        }
+      }
+      return prev;
     });
   }, []);
 
diff --git a/src/components/video-editor/projectPersistence.ts b/src/components/video-editor/projectPersistence.ts
index 49f74348..4ba24920 100644
--- a/src/components/video-editor/projectPersistence.ts
+++ b/src/components/video-editor/projectPersistence.ts
@@ -654,16 +654,17 @@ export function normalizeProjectEditor(editor: Partial<ProjectEditorState>): Pro
 					const startMs = Math.max(0, Math.min(rawStart, rawEnd));
 					const endMs = Math.max(startMs + 1, rawEnd);
 
-					return {
-						id: region.id,
-						startMs,
-						endMs,
-						audioPath: typeof region.audioPath === "string" ? region.audioPath : "",
-						volume: isFiniteNumber(region.volume) ? clamp(region.volume, 0, 1) : 1,
-						trackIndex: isFiniteNumber(region.trackIndex)
-							? Math.max(0, Math.floor(region.trackIndex))
-							: 0,
-					};
+						return {
+							id: region.id,
+							startMs,
+							endMs,
+							audioPath: typeof region.audioPath === "string" ? region.audioPath : "",
+							volume: isFiniteNumber(region.volume) ? clamp(region.volume, 0, 1) : 1,
+							normalize: Boolean(region.normalize),
+							trackIndex: isFiniteNumber(region.trackIndex)
+								? Math.max(0, Math.floor(region.trackIndex))
+								: 0,
+						};
 				})
 		: [];
 
diff --git a/src/components/video-editor/timeline/components/viewport/TimelineCanvas.tsx b/src/components/video-editor/timeline/components/viewport/TimelineCanvas.tsx
index a1617779..806593c5 100644
--- a/src/components/video-editor/timeline/components/viewport/TimelineCanvas.tsx
+++ b/src/components/video-editor/timeline/components/viewport/TimelineCanvas.tsx
@@ -263,16 +263,18 @@ function AudioItemWithWaveform({
 		return { start: 0, end: duration };
 	}, [waveformSpan.end, waveformSpan.start]);
 	return (
-		<Item
-			id={item.id}
-			rowId={item.rowId}
-			span={span}
-			isSelected={isSelected}
-			onSelectId={onSelectAudio}
-			variant="audio"
-			waveformPeaks={peaks}
-			waveformSegmentSpan={normalizedWaveformSpan}
-		>
+			<Item
+				id={item.id}
+				rowId={item.rowId}
+				span={span}
+				isSelected={isSelected}
+				onSelectId={onSelectAudio}
+				variant="audio"
+				waveformPeaks={peaks}
+				waveformSegmentSpan={normalizedWaveformSpan}
+				waveformGain={Math.max(0, Math.min(2, item.audioGain ?? 1))}
+				waveformNormalize={Boolean(item.audioNormalize)}
+			>
 			{item.label}
 		</Item>
 	);
diff --git a/src/components/video-editor/timeline/core/timelineTypes.ts b/src/components/video-editor/timeline/core/timelineTypes.ts
index 1fc9a66a..3464b8ad 100644
--- a/src/components/video-editor/timeline/core/timelineTypes.ts
+++ b/src/components/video-editor/timeline/core/timelineTypes.ts
@@ -33,6 +33,8 @@ export interface TimelineRenderItem {
 	span: Span;
 	label: string;
 	audioPath?: string;
+	audioGain?: number;
+	audioNormalize?: boolean;
 	zoomDepth?: number;
 	zoomMode?: ZoomMode;
 	speedValue?: number;
diff --git a/src/components/video-editor/timeline/model/timelineModel.ts b/src/components/video-editor/timeline/model/timelineModel.ts
index 600859a5..05073c97 100644
--- a/src/components/video-editor/timeline/model/timelineModel.ts
+++ b/src/components/video-editor/timeline/model/timelineModel.ts
@@ -70,6 +70,8 @@ export function buildTimelineItems(params: {
 		span: { start: region.startMs, end: region.endMs },
 		label: getAudioLabel(region),
 		audioPath: region.audioPath,
+		audioGain: region.volume,
+		audioNormalize: Boolean(region.normalize),
 		variant: "audio",
 	}));
 
diff --git a/src/components/video-editor/types.ts b/src/components/video-editor/types.ts
index 838b4646..3e18f720 100644
--- a/src/components/video-editor/types.ts
+++ b/src/components/video-editor/types.ts
@@ -480,6 +480,7 @@ export interface AudioRegion {
 	endMs: number;
 	audioPath: string;
 	volume: number;
+	normalize?: boolean;
 	trackIndex?: number;
 }
 
diff --git a/src/lib/exporter/audioEncoder.ts b/src/lib/exporter/audioEncoder.ts
index c6f014f8..9e077f25 100644
--- a/src/lib/exporter/audioEncoder.ts
+++ b/src/lib/exporter/audioEncoder.ts
@@ -6,13 +6,14 @@ import type {
 	SourceAudioTrackSettings,
 	TrimRegion,
 } from "@/components/video-editor/types";
+import {
+	buildResolvedAudioPlan,
+	getSourceTrackIdFromPath,
+} from "@/lib/exporter/audioRoutingEngine";
 import { estimateCompanionAudioStartDelaySeconds } from "@/lib/mediaTiming";
 import { resolveMediaElementSource } from "./localMediaSource";
 import type { VideoMuxer } from "./muxer";
-import {
-	getSourceTrackIdFromPath,
-	resolveSourceTrackRoutingPolicy,
-} from "./sourceTrackRoutingPolicy";
+import { resolveSourceTrackRoutingPolicy } from "./sourceTrackRoutingPolicy";
 
 const AUDIO_BITRATE = 128_000;
 const DECODE_BACKPRESSURE_LIMIT = 20;
@@ -22,6 +23,7 @@ const MP4_AUDIO_CODEC = "mp4a.40.2";
 const OFFLINE_AUDIO_SAMPLE_RATE = 48_000;
 const OFFLINE_ENCODE_CHUNK_FRAMES = 1024;
 const OFFLINE_CHUNK_DURATION_SEC = 30;
+const USER_AUDIO_NORMALIZE_GAIN = 1.35;
 
 interface TimelineSlice {
 	sourceStartMs: number;
@@ -600,13 +602,28 @@ export class AudioProcessor {
 		if (this.cancelled) throw new Error("Export cancelled");
 		this.onProgress?.(0);
 
-		const routingPolicy = resolveSourceTrackRoutingPolicy(
-			videoUrl,
+		const resolvedPlan = buildResolvedAudioPlan({
+			videoResource: videoUrl,
 			sourceAudioFallbackPaths,
-		);
+			audioRegions,
+			sourceTrackGainById: {
+				mic: Math.max(0, Math.min(2, sourceAudioTrackSettings?.mic?.volume ?? 1)),
+				system: Math.max(0, Math.min(2, sourceAudioTrackSettings?.system?.volume ?? 1)),
+				mixed: Math.max(0, Math.min(2, sourceAudioTrackSettings?.mixed?.volume ?? 1)),
+			},
+			embeddedGain: Math.max(
+				0,
+				Math.min(
+					2,
+					sourceAudioTrackSettings?.mixed?.volume ??
+						sourceAudioTrackSettings?.system?.volume ??
+						1,
+				),
+			),
+		});
 
 		// Decode embedded source audio separately from companion sidecars.
-		const mainBuffer = routingPolicy.includeEmbeddedInExport
+		const mainBuffer = resolvedPlan.includeEmbeddedInExport
 			? await this.decodeAudioFromUrl(videoUrl)
 			: null;
 		const mainBufferGainSettings =
@@ -622,8 +639,8 @@ export class AudioProcessor {
 			[];
 		const refDuration =
 			mainBuffer?.duration ??
-			(routingPolicy.playbackPaths.length > 0 ? await this.getMediaDurationSec(videoUrl) : 0);
-		for (const audioPath of routingPolicy.playbackPaths) {
+			(resolvedPlan.playbackPaths.length > 0 ? await this.getMediaDurationSec(videoUrl) : 0);
+		for (const audioPath of resolvedPlan.playbackPaths) {
 			if (this.cancelled) throw new Error("Export cancelled");
 			const buffer = await this.decodeAudioFromUrl(audioPath);
 			if (!buffer) continue;
@@ -662,7 +679,7 @@ export class AudioProcessor {
 		let sourceDurationSec: number;
 		if (mainBufferEntry?.buffer) {
 			sourceDurationSec = mainBufferEntry.buffer.duration;
-		} else if (routingPolicy.playbackPaths.length > 0 || regionEntries.length > 0) {
+		} else if (resolvedPlan.playbackPaths.length > 0 || regionEntries.length > 0) {
 			sourceDurationSec = await this.getMediaDurationSec(videoUrl);
 		} else {
 			sourceDurationSec = primaryBuffer?.duration ?? 0;
@@ -892,7 +909,8 @@ export class AudioProcessor {
 		if (duration <= 0.001) return;
 
 		const gainNode = ctx.createGain();
-		gainNode.gain.value = Math.max(0, Math.min(1, region.volume));
+		const normalizeGain = region.normalize ? USER_AUDIO_NORMALIZE_GAIN : 1;
+		gainNode.gain.value = Math.max(0, Math.min(1, region.volume * normalizeGain));
 		gainNode.connect(ctx.destination);
 
 		const source = ctx.createBufferSource();
diff --git a/src/lib/exporter/audioRoutingEngine.ts b/src/lib/exporter/audioRoutingEngine.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..a9a1a002
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/lib/exporter/audioRoutingEngine.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
+import type { AudioRegion } from "@/components/video-editor/types";
+import { resolveSourceAudioFallbackPaths } from "./sourceAudioFallback";
+
+export type SourceTrackId = "mic" | "system" | "mixed";
+export type ResolvedAudioTrackKind = "user" | "system" | "mic" | "mixed" | "embedded";
+const USER_AUDIO_NORMALIZE_GAIN = 1.35;
+
+export interface ResolvedAudioTrack {
+	id: string;
+	kind: ResolvedAudioTrackKind;
+	sourceRef: {
+		path: string;
+		startDelayMs: number;
+	};
+	gain: number;
+	timelineBinding: {
+		startMs: number;
+		endMs: number;
+	};
+}
+
+export interface ResolvedAudioPlan {
+	hasEmbeddedSourceAudio: boolean;
+	pathsByTrack: Partial<Record<SourceTrackId, string>>;
+	playbackPaths: string[];
+	muteEmbeddedPreview: boolean;
+	includeEmbeddedInExport: boolean;
+	tracks: ResolvedAudioTrack[];
+	masterGain: number;
+}
+
+export function getSourceTrackIdFromPath(audioPath: string): SourceTrackId {
+	const normalized = audioPath.toLowerCase();
+	if (normalized.includes(".mic.")) return "mic";
+	if (normalized.includes(".system.")) return "system";
+	return "mixed";
+}
+
+function clampGain(value: number, max: number) {
+	if (!Number.isFinite(value)) return 1;
+	return Math.max(0, Math.min(max, value));
+}
+
+export function buildResolvedAudioPlan(input: {
+	videoResource: string | null | undefined;
+	sourceAudioFallbackPaths: string[] | null | undefined;
+	audioRegions?: AudioRegion[];
+	sourceTrackGainById?: Partial<Record<SourceTrackId, number>>;
+	embeddedGain?: number;
+	masterGain?: number;
+}): ResolvedAudioPlan {
+	const { hasEmbeddedSourceAudio, externalAudioPaths } = resolveSourceAudioFallbackPaths(
+		input.videoResource,
+		input.sourceAudioFallbackPaths,
+	);
+
+	const pathsByTrack: Partial<Record<SourceTrackId, string>> = {};
+	for (const path of externalAudioPaths) {
+		const trackId = getSourceTrackIdFromPath(path);
+		if (!pathsByTrack[trackId]) {
+			pathsByTrack[trackId] = path;
+		}
+	}
+
+	const hasDedicatedTracks = Boolean(pathsByTrack.system || pathsByTrack.mic);
+	const playbackPaths: string[] = [];
+	if (pathsByTrack.system) playbackPaths.push(pathsByTrack.system);
+	if (pathsByTrack.mic) playbackPaths.push(pathsByTrack.mic);
+	if (!hasDedicatedTracks && pathsByTrack.mixed) playbackPaths.push(pathsByTrack.mixed);
+
+	const includeEmbeddedInExport = !pathsByTrack.system && !pathsByTrack.mixed;
+	const resolvedRegions = (input.audioRegions ?? []).slice().sort((a, b) => a.startMs - b.startMs);
+	const tracks: ResolvedAudioTrack[] = resolvedRegions.map((region) => ({
+		id: `user:${region.id}`,
+		kind: "user",
+		sourceRef: {
+			path: region.audioPath,
+			startDelayMs: 0,
+		},
+		gain: clampGain(region.volume * (region.normalize ? USER_AUDIO_NORMALIZE_GAIN : 1), 1),
+		timelineBinding: {
+			startMs: Math.max(0, region.startMs),
+			endMs: Math.max(0, region.endMs),
+		},
+	}));
+
+	for (const audioPath of playbackPaths) {
+		const trackId = getSourceTrackIdFromPath(audioPath);
+		tracks.push({
+			id: `${trackId}:${audioPath}`,
+			kind: trackId,
+			sourceRef: {
+				path: audioPath,
+				startDelayMs: 0,
+			},
+			gain: clampGain(input.sourceTrackGainById?.[trackId] ?? 1, 2),
+			timelineBinding: {
+				startMs: 0,
+				endMs: Number.POSITIVE_INFINITY,
+			},
+		});
+	}
+
+	if (hasEmbeddedSourceAudio && input.videoResource) {
+		tracks.push({
+			id: `embedded:${input.videoResource}`,
+			kind: "embedded",
+			sourceRef: {
+				path: input.videoResource,
+				startDelayMs: 0,
+			},
+			gain: clampGain(input.embeddedGain ?? input.sourceTrackGainById?.mixed ?? 1, 2),
+			timelineBinding: {
+				startMs: 0,
+				endMs: Number.POSITIVE_INFINITY,
+			},
+		});
+	}
+
+	return {
+		hasEmbeddedSourceAudio,
+		pathsByTrack,
+		playbackPaths,
+		muteEmbeddedPreview: hasDedicatedTracks,
+		includeEmbeddedInExport,
+		tracks,
+		masterGain: clampGain(input.masterGain ?? 1, 1),
+	};
+}
diff --git a/src/lib/exporter/sourceTrackRoutingPolicy.ts b/src/lib/exporter/sourceTrackRoutingPolicy.ts
index 67601362..f09e00ea 100644
--- a/src/lib/exporter/sourceTrackRoutingPolicy.ts
+++ b/src/lib/exporter/sourceTrackRoutingPolicy.ts
@@ -1,13 +1,10 @@
-import { resolveSourceAudioFallbackPaths } from "./sourceAudioFallback";
+import {
+	buildResolvedAudioPlan,
+	getSourceTrackIdFromPath,
+	type SourceTrackId,
+} from "./audioRoutingEngine";
 
-export type SourceTrackId = "mic" | "system" | "mixed";
-
-export function getSourceTrackIdFromPath(audioPath: string): SourceTrackId {
-	const normalized = audioPath.toLowerCase();
-	if (normalized.includes(".mic.")) return "mic";
-	if (normalized.includes(".system.")) return "system";
-	return "mixed";
-}
+export { getSourceTrackIdFromPath, type SourceTrackId };
 
 export interface SourceTrackRoutingPolicy {
 	hasEmbeddedSourceAudio: boolean;
@@ -21,30 +18,16 @@ export function resolveSourceTrackRoutingPolicy(
 	videoResource: string | null | undefined,
 	sourceAudioFallbackPaths: string[] | null | undefined,
 ): SourceTrackRoutingPolicy {
-	const { hasEmbeddedSourceAudio, externalAudioPaths } = resolveSourceAudioFallbackPaths(
+	const plan = buildResolvedAudioPlan({
 		videoResource,
 		sourceAudioFallbackPaths,
-	);
-
-	const pathsByTrack: Partial<Record<SourceTrackId, string>> = {};
-	for (const path of externalAudioPaths) {
-		const trackId = getSourceTrackIdFromPath(path);
-		if (!pathsByTrack[trackId]) {
-			pathsByTrack[trackId] = path;
-		}
-	}
-
-	const hasDedicatedTracks = Boolean(pathsByTrack.system || pathsByTrack.mic);
-	const playbackPaths: string[] = [];
-	if (pathsByTrack.system) playbackPaths.push(pathsByTrack.system);
-	if (pathsByTrack.mic) playbackPaths.push(pathsByTrack.mic);
-	if (!hasDedicatedTracks && pathsByTrack.mixed) playbackPaths.push(pathsByTrack.mixed);
+	});
 
 	return {
-		hasEmbeddedSourceAudio,
-		pathsByTrack,
-		playbackPaths,
-		muteEmbeddedPreview: hasDedicatedTracks,
-		includeEmbeddedInExport: !pathsByTrack.system && !pathsByTrack.mixed,
+		hasEmbeddedSourceAudio: plan.hasEmbeddedSourceAudio,
+		pathsByTrack: plan.pathsByTrack,
+		playbackPaths: plan.playbackPaths,
+		muteEmbeddedPreview: plan.muteEmbeddedPreview,
+		includeEmbeddedInExport: plan.includeEmbeddedInExport,
 	};
 }